Raymond Frederick Harryhausen (June 29, 1920 - May 7, 2013) is an English-British visual artist, designer, effects-maker, producer and producer who creates an animated stop-motion model known as "Dynamation ".
His most impressive works include: working with his mentor Willis H. O'Brien on animation for Mighty Joe Young (1949), his first color film, which won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effect; The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958); and Jason and the Argonauts (1963), featuring a famous sword fight with seven skeleton warriors. His last film was Clash of the Titans (1981), after which he retired.
Harryhausen moved to England, becoming a dual US-British citizen and living in London from 1960 until his death in 2013. During his lifetime, his innovative style of special effects in movies inspired many filmmakers. In November 2016, BFI compiled a list of contemporary filmmakers who claim to be inspired by Harryhausen including Steven Spielberg, Peter Jackson, Joe Dante, Tim Burton, Nick Park, James Cameron, and Guillermo del Toro. Others influenced by him include George Lucas, John Lasseter, John Landis, Henry Selick, J.J. Abrams, and Wes Anderson.
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Harryhausen was born in Los Angeles, California, son of Martha L. (nÃÆ' Â © e Reske) and Frederick W. Harryhausen. From German descent, the surname was originally spelled "Herrenhausen".
Maps Ray Harryhausen
Life and career
1930s and 1940s
After seeing King Kong (1933) in his first release for the first time, Harryhausen spent his early years experimenting in animation production, inspired by a literary science fiction literature that developed in that period.. The scene that uses stop-motion animation (or animated models), which feature creatures on the island or Kong, is the work of animator pioneer model Willis O'Brien. His work at King Kong inspired Harryhausen, and a friend arranged a meeting with O'Brien for him. O'Brien criticized Harryhausen's early models and encouraged him to take graphic arts classes and sculptures to hone his skills. Meanwhile, Harryhausen became friends with aspiring writer, Ray Bradbury, with the same enthusiasm. Bradbury and Harryhausen joined the Los Angeles-area Science Fiction League formed by Forrest J. Ackerman in 1939, and all three became lifelong friends.
Harryhausen secured the work of his first animated model, on George Pal Puppetoons shorts, based on seeing his first formal demo replay against a dinosaur from an endless project called Evolution of the World.
During World War II, Harryhausen served in the US Army's Special Service Division under Colonel Frank Capra, as a loader, bell boy, messenger and camera assistant later, while working at home animating short films on the use and development of military equipment. During this time he also worked with composers Dimitri Tiomkin and Ted Geisel ("Dr. Seuss"). After the war, he saved a couple of rolls of over 16 mm film from which he made a series of fairytale shorts, which he called "Grow Teeth Rings".
One of Harryhausen's longest-cherished dreams is to make H.G. Wells' The War of the Worlds . After World War II, he shot alien scenes that emerged from a Mars cylinder that showed a frightening creature from Mars who fatally succumbed to worldly diseases, contracted from the air that made native people breathe without danger. It was part of an unrealized project to adapt the story using the original "octopus" concept of Wells to the people of Mars.
In 1947 Harryhausen was hired as an animator assistant on what turned out to be his first major film, Mighty Joe Young (1949). O'Brien finally concentrated on solving various technical issues of the film, leaving most of the animation to Harryhausen and Pete Peterson. Their work won the O'Brien the Academy Award for Best Special Effects that year.
1950s
The first film with Ray Harryhausen in charge of the technical effect is the The Beast of 20,000 Fathoms (1953) who started the development with the title work of Monster From the Sea . The filmmakers learned that Harryhausen's longtime friend, author Ray Bradbury, had sold a short story titled "The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms" (later entitled "The Fog Horn") to The Saturday Evening Post dinosaurs drawn to a single lighthouse by its foghorn. Because the story for the Harryhausen movie featured the same scene, the film studio bought the rights to Bradbury's story to avoid potential legal problems. Also, the title is changed back to The Beast of 20,000 Fathoms . Under the title, it became Harryhausen's first solo film attempt, and a major international box-office hit for Warner Brothers.
It was in The Beast From 20.000 Fathoms The first Harryhausen used the technique he created named "Dynamation" which splits the background and foreground of the live action tape into two separate images where he will animate a model or the finished model seems to integrate direct action with the model. The background will be used as a miniature rear screen with animated models in front of it, re-photographed with an animated camera to combine the two elements together, a tangled foreground element to leave black space. Then the movie plays back, and everything except the foreground element becomes tangled so that the foreground element will now shoot in a previously blackened area. This creates an effect that the animation model is "pinched" between two direct action elements, directly into the final direct action scene.
In most Harryhausen movies, animated character models interact with, and are part of, a direct action world, with the idea that they will stop to draw attention to themselves as simply "animated." Most snapshots in his earliest films were created through careful frame-by-frame control of Harrypresso against lighting on devices and projectors. This dramatically reduces much of the common degradation in the use of rear projection or dupe-negative manufacturing through the use of optical printers. The use of Harryhausen diffusion glass to soften the sharpness of the light on the animation element allows the matching of soft background plates to be much more successful than Willis O'Brien earned in his early films, allowing Harryhausen to match the elements of life and miniature seamlessly in most of his shots. By developing and executing most of this miniature work alone, Harryhausen saves money, while maintaining full technical control.
A few years later, when Harryhausen began working with color films to create The 7th Voyage of Sinbad, he experimented extensively with color film stock to address shift-color balance issues. Ray producer/partner Charles H. Schneer coined the word Dynamation as a "trading term" (modifying it to "SuperDynaMation" and then "Dynarama" for the next few films).
Harryhausen has always been heavily involved in the pre-production conceptualization of every movie story, script development, art direction, design, storyboard, and the general notes of his films, as well as the director of auteur in other films, the film director Harryhausen must understand and agree to work under. Only the complexity of the rules of the American Board of Directors in Hollywood that prevented Harryhausen from being credited as a director of his films resulted in the simpler credit he had in most of his films.
Throughout most of his career, Harryhausen's work was a sort of family affair. His father did machining metal armatures (based on his son's design) which was a framework for the model and allowed them to maintain their position, while his mother assisted with some miniature costumes. After Harryhausen's father died in 1973, Harryhausen contracted his fleet to another engineer. An occasional assistant, George Lofgren, a zoologist, helped Harryhausen with the creation of furry creatures. Another colleague, Willis Cook, built several sets of miniature Harryhausen. In addition, Harryhausen worked alone to produce almost any animation for his films.
In the same year when Beast was released, 1953, an immature film producer, Irwin Allen, released a live action documentary about life in the ocean titled The Sea Around Us , which won Oscar for the best documentary of the year. Allen's and Harryhausen's path will cross over three years later, on Allen's sequel to the film.
Harryhausen soon met and started a fruitful partnership with producer Charles H. Schneer, who worked with Sam Katzman's drawing unit from Columbia Pictures. Their first tandem project was It Comes from Beneath the Sea (aka Monster of Beneath the Sea , 1955), about a giant octopus attacking San Francisco. It was box-office success, quickly followed by Earth vs. Flying Saucers (1956), in Washington DC - one of the best alien invasion movies of the 1950s, as well as an office hit box.
In 1954, Irwin Allen began working on a long-term documentary, this one about animal life on land called The Animal World (completed in 1956). Needing an opening sequence about dinosaurs, Allen hired the main animator model Willis O'Brien to animate the dinosaurs, but later gave him a very short production schedule. O'Brien once again hires Harryhausen to assist with the animation to complete the 8 minute sequence. It is the first and only professional colorful work of Harryhausen and O'Brien. Most viewers agree that the dinosaur sequence Animal World is the best part of the entire film. ( Animal World available on DVD release of O'Brien 1957 The Black Scorpion ).
Harryhausen then returned to Columbia and Charles Schneer to make <20 million Miles to Earth (1957), about the American spacecraft returning from Venus. The spacecraft crashed into a sea near Italy, releasing an alien egg specimen on a ship that washes on the beach. Eggs soon hatch creatures that, in Earth's atmosphere, quickly grow into gigantic size and frighten the citizens of Rome. Harryhausen refined and improved his already considerable ability to build an emotional characterization in the face of his Venusian Ymir model, creating yet another international box office hit.
Schneer is keen to pass onto a colorful film. Reluctant at first, Harryhausen succeeded in developing the system necessary to maintain the right color balance for his DynaMation process, which resulted in the greatest blow of the 1950s, The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (1958). The best-selling film of the summer, and one of the best-selling film of the year, Schneer and Harryhausen signed another deal with Columbia for four more color films.
1960s
After the Three Worlds of Gulliver (1960) and Mysterious Island (1961), both were successful in artistic and technical fields, and were successful at the box office, according to Harryhausen, who stated in DVD and Blu Ray featurette about making Mysterious Island: "Mysterious Island is one of the most successful films we've made and I'm glad people are still enjoying it today". And Gulliver "Make a profit" as Ray is quoted in Jeff Rovin's biography of The Land Beyond Beyond Movies of Willis O'Brien and Ray Harryhausen . The next film is considered by historians and film buffs as Harryhausen's great work, Jason and the Argonauts (1963). Among several animated sequences of this film is a long battle between three actors and seven life frames, a major advance in the single skeleton fight scene at Sinbad . This stop-motion sequence takes more than four months to complete.
Harryhausen later created First Men in the Moon (1964), the only film made in the 2.35: 1 widescreen format (AKA "CinemaScope"), based on a novel by H. G. Wells. Jason and First Men in the Moon were box office exceptions at the time of their original theatrical launch. That, plus a change of management at Columbia Pictures, resulted in his contract with Columbia Picture not being updated. Also, when the counter-culture of the 1960s came to influence more and younger filmmakers, and studios that failed to struggle to find material popular with new audiences "Boomer Generation", Harryhausen's love of the past, set his story in fantasy ancient. the world or the previous century, kept him abreast of taste changes in the 1960s. Only a handful of Harryhausen features were established at the time, and nothing in the future. When this revolution was in a traditional Hollywood film studio system, and the entry of a new generation of filmmakers sorted themselves, Harryhausen became a free agent.
Harryhausen was later employed by Hammer Film Productions to animate the dinosaurs for One Million Years B.C. (1966). It was a success at the box office, partly helped by the presence of Raquel Welch in his second movie. Harryhausen went on to make another dinosaur movie, Gwangi Valley with Schneer. This project has been developed for Columbia, which refused. Schneer then made a deal with Warner Brothers instead. This is a personal project for Harryhausen, which he wants to do for years, as his original mentor Willis O'Brien for the 1939 movie Gwangi did not exist. complete. Set in Mexico, Gwangi Valley is a parallel story of Kong - the cowboy catches Allosaurus and takes him to the nearest Mexican city for the exhibition. Sabotage let go of the creature, and it made a mess in the city. The film features a reminiscent scene reminiscent of 1949 Mighty Joe Young (which itself is recycled from the old storyboard Gwangi ), and a spectacular fire and animation sequence in the cathedral toward end of the movie.
1970s-1990s
After several years of slimness, Harryhausen and Schneer, speaking Columbia Pictures to revive the Sinbad character, which produces The Golden Voyage of Sinbad, is often remembered for a sword fight involving the statue of a Kali-six armed goddess. It was first released in Los Angeles during the Christmas season of 1973, but gathered its main audience in the spring and summer of 1974. Followed by Sinbad and Mata Harimau (1977), which disappointed some fans for their tongue- on his cheeks. Both films, however, were box office successes.
Schneer and Harryhausen were finally allowed by MGM to produce a large budget movie with name and budget extended effect actors. The film started smaller but later MGM increased the budget to rent stars like Laurence Olivier. It became the last feature film to showcase its working effect, Clash of the Titans (1981), where she was nominated for Saturn Award for Best Special Effect. For this movie, he hired the game model  © gale Steve Archer and twice the Oscar nominated Jim Danforth to help with the main animated sequence. Harryhausen fans will easily find that the armed and finned kraken (a name borrowed from medieval Scandinavian folklore) that he found for Clash of the Titans has a facial qualities similar to the Venusian Ymir that he created for twenty-five years. earlier for 20 Million Miles to Earth .
Perhaps because of his hermetic style of production and the fact that he produced half his film outside Hollywood (living in London since 1960), diminishing his daily kinship with more traditional, but still influential Hollywood effects artists, none of Harryhausen's films were nominated for special effects Oscar. Harryhausen himself said the reason was that he worked in Europe, but this oversight by the AMPAS visual effects committee also occurred throughout the 1950s when Harryhausen lived in Los Angeles.
In spite of the highly successful box office returns from Clash of the Titans , the more advanced computer-assisted technologies developed by ILM and others began to surpass the production techniques of Harryhausen, and therefore MGM and other studios graduated in funding planned sequel, Force of the Trojans , causing Harryhausen and Schneer to retire from active film making.
In the early 1970s, Harryhausen also focused on writing books, the Fantasy Scrapbook Movie (produced in three editions when the last three were released) and overseeing the restoration and release of (ultimately all) the films to video, laserdisc, DVDs, and currently Blu-ray discs. The second book followed, An Animated Life, written with author and friend Tony Dalton, detailing his technique and history. This was followed in 2005 by The Arts of Ray Harryhausen , featuring sketches and drawings for many of its projects, some of which have not yet been realized. In 2008 Harryhausen and Dalton published an animated history of the stop-motion model, A Century of Model Animation , and, to celebrate the 90th anniversary of Harryhausen, The Ray & Diana Harryhausen Foundation published Ray Harryhausen - A Life in Pictures . In 2011 the final volume, called Ray Harryhausen's Fantasy Scrapbook , was also published.
Harryhausen continued his lifelong friendship with Ray Bradbury until Bradbury's death in 2012. Another old close friend is the editor of Famous Monsters of Filmland magazine, author of science fiction books and collector Forrest J Ackerman, who lends Harryhausen. photos of King Kong in 1933, right after Harryhausen saw the movie for the first time. Harryhausen also maintained his friendship with his longtime producer, Charles H. Schneer, who lived next door in the suburbs of London until Schneer moved to the United States (a few years later, in early 2009, Schneer died at 88 in Boca Raton, Florida); and with an animated model of gà ©  © gÃÆ'Ã… ©, Jim Danforth, still living in the Los Angeles area.
Harryhausen and Terry Moore appeared in a comedic little comedy role in a 1998 remake of Mighty Joe Young, and he also cast a polar bear in the film Will Ferrell Elf. He also appeared as a bar protector at Beverly Hills Cop III, and as a doctor in the John Landis film Spies Like Us . In 2010, Harryhausen had a brief cameo at Burke & amp; Hare , an English film directed by Landis.
In 1986, Harryhausen formed The Ray & amp; Diana Harryhausen Foundation, a registered charity in Britain and the United States, which stores all its collections and promotes stop-motion animation art and Harryhausen's contribution to the genre.
2000s-2010s
In 2002, young animators Seamus Walsh and Mark Caballero helped Harryhausen complete the turtle and bunny story. This is the sixth and final installment of the Harryhausen fairy tales. The film started in 1952 and was completed in 2002, 50 years later. Caballero and Walsh renewed the original doll and, under the direction and guidance of Harryhausen, completed the film. The film later won the 2003 Annie award for best short film and gained worldwide attention. Walsh and Caballero have since moved on to form their own stop motion company, Screen Novelties based in Los Angeles, California.
TidalWave Productions Ray Harryhausen Signature Series produces an official comic book adaptation of some unrealized projects from Harryhausen since 2007.
In 2009, he released a color DVD version of his three classic black and white Columbia movies: 20 Million Miles to Earth , Earth vs. And it came from Beneath the Sea, and She (1935), as a tribute to his producer Merian C. Cooper (who has overseen the King Kong ).
Ray Harryhausen was given a special award, for his nineteenth birthday, at The BFI Southbank theater in London, where he had lived since the 1960s, which was attended by all the directors and top visual effects technicians and was guided by director John Landis. At this event he was presented by Peter Jackson with a special BAFTA award from the British Academy of Fine Arts and Film.
In June 2010, it was announced that Ray and Diana Harryhausen Foundation had agreed to deposit a complete collection of 50,000 pieces of animators with the National Media Museum in Bradford, England.
Death and inheritance
Harryhausen married Diana Livingstone Bruce in October 1962. The couple had a daughter, Vanessa. The family announced the death of Harryhausen via Twitter and Facebook on May 7, 2013. Diana survived with her husband five months.
The Daily Mirror quotes the Harryhausen website, saying that "its influence on filmmakers today is huge, with figures: Steven Spielberg, James Cameron, Peter Jackson, George Lucas, John Landis and Nick Park from Britain itself has quoted Harryhausen as one whose work inspires their own creations. "Harryhausen himself drew the distinction between a film that incorporates special effects animation with live action, and completely animated films, such as Nick Park, Henry Selick, Ivo Caprino, Ladislav Starevich, and many others (including his own fairy-tale shorts) that he sees as a pure "doll movie," and more accurately (and traditionally) are called "doll animations."
The BBC quoted Peter Lord of Aardman Animations, who wrote on Twitter that Harryhausen is "one man's industry and one-person genre". The BBC also quotes director Shaun of the Dead Edgar Wright: "I love every frame by Ray Harryhausen... He is the one who made me believe in the monster." In a complete family-issued statement, George Lucas said, "Without Ray Harryhausen, there probably will not be Star Wars ". Terry Gilliam said, "What we're doing now digitally with computers, Ray does away digitally long before but without a computer, with just the digits." James Cameron also paid homage by saying, "I think all of us who are practitioners in science fiction and fantasy movies now all feel that we stand on the shoulders of a giant.If it was not for Ray's contribution to the collective dreamcape, we would not be who we are. "
Foundation
Ray left his collection, which included all the film related artefacts to Ray & amp; Diana Harryhausen Foundation, which he founded in 1986 to keep his complete collection, to protect his name and to further the art of stop-motion model animation. The guardians are his daughters Vanessa Harryhausen, Simon Mackintosh, actress Caroline Munro who appeared on The Golden Voyage of Sinbad and filmmaker John Walsh, who first met Ray Harryhausen in 1988 as a film student from the London Film School and make a documentary titled Ray Harryhausen: Movement Into Life narrated by Doctor Who actor Tom Baker. The Foundation website mapped out progress on recovery of collections and future plans for Ray's inheritance.
In 2013, RH and Arrow Films foundations released a long biography of Harryhausen and his film titled "Ray Harryhausen - Titan's Special Effect" on Blu-Ray. Featuring photographs, artefacts and film clips taken directly by Harryhausen and never seen by the public, the film was originally only released in the UK, but was eventually released on Blu-Ray in America in 2016.
Some of the most iconic models and artworks of Ray Harryhausen are on display as part of the Barbican Center's "Into the Unknown" exhibition from June 3 to September 1, 2017. This exhibition program features a thorough exploration of science fiction, from its roots in classical literature. , to modern blockbuster movies, allowing visitors to see Ray's creative output in the context of a wider genre. To mark the 97th anniversary of Ray on July 29, 2017, Barbican posted a guest blog by Connor Heaney Foundation Collection Manager, highlighting the immortal influence of animators on science fiction.
On June 5, 2017 it was announced that a large exhibit of Ray Harryhausen models will be held at the Science Museum of Oklahoma. John was quoted as saying "The collections held at The Ray and Diana Harryhausen Foundation are not just historical artifacts and cinematic interests, but also a window into the science of chemistry photo film". Entitled "Ray Harryhausen - Mythical Menagerie" exhibit will be open to the public starting July 29th. USA Today named it "one of the best museum exhibitions in the US this fall" In 2018, the exhibition was nominated for Rondo Hatton Award for "Best Live Event"
An exhibition at Tate Britain from 26 June to 19 November 2017 features works from Harryhausen's collection and a short film made by John Walsh on the restoration of Harryhausen's paintings that affect his work.
In a podcast interview with BritFlicks Walsh discussed his plans to develop the lost Harry Essen film project.
An exhibition opened by showing items from the Harryhausen collection at the Valence House Museum on March 14, 2018. The exhibit was inspired by local man Alan Friswell who worked with Ray Harryhausen on the creature's restoration. It was funded by Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council. In an interview, John Walsh Foundation Trustee said: "This exhibition brought Hollywood to Dagenham Alan Friswell went to see Harryhausen movies and now he brings his expertise to the district We have over 50,000 individual items that are the largest outside of Walt Disney and this is just the tip of the iceberg.We are ready to return with more models in the future. "Inside Barking & amp; Advertiser Dagenham Yellow Walsh says "" The models look fantastic in an intimate setting at Valence House and they are the original creatures that have been used in some of Hollywood's greatest movies. This is a great opportunity for people to see them. "
Ray Harryhausen Podcasts
In February 2016, the series was created by Trustee John Walsh Foundation and co-hosted by him and Collections Manager Connor Heaney. Using Harryhausen's collection of resources and the newly recorded recorded track produced by Walsh, this episode is made available freely and broadcast via iTunes. and SoundCloud. In July 2017, the podcast series was nominated for the People's Choice Podcast Awards in the Movie & amp; TELEVISION. The series is also listed in the UK Podcast Directory. In February 2018, the podcast series was nominated for the Rondo Hatton Award for "The Best Multi-Media Award"
Awards and honors
During the 1980s and early 1990s, people from legions of Harryhausen supporters who had graduated into the professional film industry began lobbying the Academy of Arts and Motion Picture Science to acknowledge Harryhausen's contributions to the film industry and he was finally awarded the Gordon E. Sawyer Award ( effective Oscars lifetime achievements) for "technology contributions that have brought credit to the industry" in 1992, with actor Tom Hanks as Master of Ceremony and Ray Bradbury, a friend of when they both just dropped out of high school,. After the presentation to Harryhausen, actor Tom Hanks told the audience, "Some people say Casablanca or Citizen Kane ... I say Jason and Argonaut are the greatest movie ever made! "A long series of appearances at movie festivals, academies and film seminars around the world soon followed when Harryhausen met with millions of people who grew up enjoying his work.
- The work of Ray Harryhausen was celebrated in an exhibition at the Museum Moving Images of London (MOMI) in 1990.
- In 2010 the main screening theaters at Sony Pictures Digital Productions were named in honor of Harryhausen.
- The Fiction Hall of Fame Science inaugurated Harryhausen in 2005, the first year to honor non-literary contributors. He received the Wagner Annual Award of the British Fantasy Society in 2008 for his lifetime contribution to this genre.
- On June 10, 2003, Harryhausen was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
- Ray received an honorary BAFTA in June 2010 at a ceremony at the British Film Institute. Her mask award was given to her by filmmaker Peter Jackson.
Preservation
The Academy Film Archive has kept a number of Ray Harryhausen movies, including Guadalcanal , How to Bridge the Gap , and Hansel and Gretel Stories .
In popular culture
The giving of Fan and the filmmakers to Harryhausen is abundant in many forms.
- In the Killer Instinct video game, Harryhausen's three characters are inspired, especially Spinal, Eyedol, and Gargos
- Mythos Games/Virgin Interactive Entertainment Magic and Mayhem (1999) showcases more than 25 stop-motion mythological creatures inspired by Harryhausen's work. Built by special effects specialist and stop-motion animator Alan Friswell, various characters include dragons, centaurs, griffins, and skirmishes. For animated griffin wings, Friswell studied the griffin of The Golden Voyage of Sinbad (1974). Friswell then worked for the Harryenberg Foundation and Ray, recovering many of the original animation models used in the Harryhausen film. Friswell still holds an official restoration position for the Foundation.
- The 1992 comedy-horror film Army of Darkness features a titular army that resembles a skeletal army of Jason and the Argonauts .
- Pixar 2001 Movies, Monsters, Inc. paid homage to Harryhausen in a scene where characters Mike Wazowski and Celia Mae visited a sushi restaurant named "HARRYHAUSEN'S".
- Tim Burton considers science fiction science film, Mars Attack! (1996), a tribute to Harryhausen, especially in scenes where one of the hostile alien flying saucers cut down the Washington Monument by crashing into it, as Harryhausen did in his movie Earth vs. Flying Saucers in 1956.
- In 2007, fantasy writer/illustrator Stephen D. Sullivan dedicated his novel Warrior's Bones to Harryhausen and comic creator Stan Lee. "To light my imagination." In the book, which is part of the Dragonlance series: The New Adventures , the heroine must fight with the raging giant spy.
- The Gravity Falls episode, "Little Gift Shop of Horrors" (particularly the "Clay Day" segment), has several references to Ray Harryhausen and his work.
- In the 2005 film Corpse Bride , while Victor was at Victoria's house, he played the piano, labeled "Harryhausen."
- The 2007 song Worry About Ray , by London pop rock band The Hoosiers, was inspired by and about Harryhausen.
- A short clay animated movie, "Martian Peen Worm" (shortened from a longer title) made in the 1970s in Texas by Ivan Stang of the Church of SubGenius fame, refers to a worm at one stage of its growth-development as a "Nesuahyrrah", Harryhausen spelled backwards.
- Another 17 minute short film made in 2005, "Southwestern Orange County Vs. The Flying Saucers" uses the same plate model as Harryhausen which is also titled 1956 alien invasion film.
Explanation notes
Quotes
Interview
- Starlogs December 1977 no. 10, "Ray Harryhausen" by Richard Meyers
- Starlog November 1985 is not. 100, "Ray Harryhausen: The Man Who Work Miracles" by Steve Swires
- Starlog February 1988 is not. 127, "Ray Harryhausen: Farewell to Fantasy Films" by Steve Swires
- Spectacular Starlog 1990 is not. 1, "Neclassics" interview by Stan Nicholls
- Movie star (Germany) February 1997 no. 25/26, "Ray Harryhausen Trickfilmzauberer" by Uwe Sommerlad
- L'Eepress (France) December 2000 is not. 2580, "Les effets speciaux doivent donner a rever. Rencontre avec Ray Harryhausen, maitre du genre dont" Jason et les Argonauts ressort "by Arnaud Malherle
- Filmfax Magazine March 2001 is not. 83, "Many Worlds Ray Harryhausen" by Michael Stein
- Pranke (Germany) March 2005 Vol. no. 27, "Interview with Ray Harryhausen" by Martin Stadler
- Onion March 21, 2006, interview "Ray Harryhausen" by Christopher Bahn
- Monster Bash Magazine December 2007 is not. 7, "20 Million Miles to Harryhausen" by Lawrence Fultz Jr.
- Van Helsing Journal April 2011 is not. 12, "Conversation with Harryhausen" by Lawrence Fultz Jr.
Further reading
- Film Fantasy Scrapbook , by Ray Harryhausen, 1972
- From Land Beyond Beyond , by Jeff Rovin, 1977 Ray Harryhausen: Animated Life , by Ray Harryhausen and Tony Dalton, foreword by Ray Bradbury, 2003 Ray Harryhausen art, by Ray Harryhausen and Tony Dalton, introductory by Peter Jackson, 2005 Animation Model Abad: From MÃÆ'Â © liÃÆ'¨s to Aardman , by Ray Harryhausen and Tony Dalton, 2008 Ray Harryhausen A Life in Pictures, by Tony Dalton, introductory by George Lucas, last word by Ray Bradbury, 2010
- Gram Harryhausen's Fantasy Scrapbook , by Ray Harryhausen and Tony Dalton, foreword by John Landis, 2011
- "Ray Harryhausen - Master of the Majicks", a limited edition three volume book from Mike Hankin's books featuring Harryhausen and his films. (Volume 3 is currently pending.)
External links
- Official website
- Ray Harryhausen on Twitter
- Official Ray & amp; Diana Harryhausen Foundation's Website
- Ray Harryhausen on IMDb
- Ray Harryhausen at AllMovie
- Ray Harryhausen on the Internet Internet Speculative Fiction
- Ray Harryhausen at Dangerous Ink Magazine - 2009 interview
- Videos with chronological clips from Ray Harryhausen's movie creations on YouTube
- Mother Goose Stories - a complete animated film from 1946 at Archive.org
- 2003 interview on Netribution
- Ray Harryhausen: An Animation Legend (2004 interview) at Tail Slate
- Features of World War project from Ray Harryhausen in War Of The Worlds Invasion
- EyeForFilm.co.uk [Ray Harryhausen] Personally at Edinburgh International Film Festival
- "Ray Harryhausen biography". Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame .
- Ray Harryhausen: Monster Creator. Exhibition at the Luis Seoane Foundation in Spain (2011), curated by Asier Mensuro
- Official Site for The Sci-Fi Boys documentary
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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