Medical animation is a short educational film, usually based on physiological or surgical topics, translated using 3D computer graphics. While it may be aimed at a variety of audiences, medical animation is most often used as an instructional tool for medical professionals or their patients.
Early medical animation was limited to the basic wire-frame model due to the low processor speed. However, rapid evolution in microprocessor design and computer memory has led to significantly more complicated animations.
Medical animations can be viewed as stand-alone visualizations, or in combination with other sensory input devices, such as head-mounted displays, stereoscopic lenses, haptic gloves, interactive workstations, or Cave Automatic Virtual Environments (CAVEs).
Video Medical animation
Histori
Although it evolved from the realistic field of medical illustrations (such as those made by Flemish anatomist Andreas Vesalius in the 16th century), medical animation also owes to mobile image technology and computer-generated imagery.
The term medical animation precedes the emergence of computer-generated graphics for about three decades. Although the first computer animation was created at Bell Telephone Labs in 1963, the phrase "medical animation" emerged in a scientific context as early as 1932 in the Journal of Biological Photography. As discussed by Clarke and Hoshall, the term refers to a two-dimensional motion picture produced for inclusion in screened films for medical students.
The creation of computer-generated medical animation began in earnest in the early 1970s. The first description of the use of 3D computer graphics for medical purposes can be found in the journal edition Science , dated 1975. The author, a team of researchers from the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biophysics at Texas A & M University, describes the potential use of medical animation to visualize complex macromolecules.
In the late 1980s, medical animation has become a distinct modality of physiological and surgical instruction. At that point, researchers have suggested that 3D medical animations can illustrate physiological, molecular or anatomical concepts that may not be feasible.
The current medical animation industry comprises one side of the non-entertainment computer animation industry, which has annual revenues of $ 15 billion per year worldwide.
Maps Medical animation
Apps
Patient Education
A growing trend among medical animation studios is the creation of clips that explain surgical procedures or mechanisms of pharmaceutical action in terms that are simple enough to be understood by a layman. These animations can be found on the hospital's website, in the office of the doctor's office or through the medical studio itself. Such animation can also appear on television shows and other popular entertainment venues as a way to educate the audience about the medical topics being discussed.
Sometimes, this form of animation is used in hospitals. In this context, clips can be used to obtain full informed consent from patients facing surgery or medical care. Likewise, research has suggested that medical animations that educate patients may be able to reduce the level of accidental site-accident operations.
Medical simulation
Due to both the relative scarcity of corpses that will be used for surgical instruction and to reduce the use of animals and patients who have not given consent, the institute may use medical animation as a way to teach the anatomy and surgical concepts that will be performed by the doctor. Such simulations can be viewed passively (as in the case of 3D medical animations included via CD-ROM in a medical textbook package) or using an interactive control. Stimulation of hand-eye skills using haptics is another possible use of medical animation technology, derived from replacement of corpses in surgical classrooms with trainers and task mannequins.
The creation of a proportionally accurate virtual body is often done using medical scans, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such techniques represent cost and time savings away from the creation of medical animations using hemispheric corpses. For example, the Human-Visible Project National Library of Medicine created 3D medical animations of men's and women's bodies by scanning corpses using CT technology, after which they were frozen, shaved into a thick section of millimeters and recorded using high resolution photographs.
In comparison, medical animations created using only scanned data can create the internal structure of living patients, often in the context of surgical planning.
Cellular and molecular animations
Medical animation is often used as a method of visualizing the large number of microscopic processes occurring in the human body. This may involve interactions between organelles, DNA transcription, enzyme molecular action, interactions between pathogens and white blood cells or virtually any other cellular or sub-cellular process.
Molecular animations are similar because they describe structures that are too small to be seen by the human eye. However, this latter category is also able to illustrate atomic structures, which are often too early to be visualized with any clarity through a microscope.
Pharmaceutical action mechanism
As a way to explain how drugs work, pharmaceutical manufacturers can provide an animated action mechanism, often through websites dedicated to certain prescription drugs. This medical visualization usually does not represent cellular structures in a fully or accurately proportioned way. Instead, the mechanism of action of animation can simplify the interaction between drug molecules and cells visually. This medical animation can also explain the physiological origins of the disease itself.
Emergency care instructions
Several studies have suggested that 3D medical animation can be used to instruct novices on how to conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergencies. These reports typically suggest the use of pre-prepared motion animations recorded with sound viewed through mobile phones or other portable electronic devices.
Forensic reconstruction
A number of applications for medical animation have been developed in the field of forensics. These include so-called "virtutopsy," or MRI-assisted virtual autopsies, from excessively damaged remains to be examined or reconstructed. Likewise, medical animations may appear in the courtroom, used as "forensic reconstruction" of a crime scene or recreate the crime itself. The success of such evidence is questionable.
Electronic learning
Researchers have suggested that medical animations can be used to disseminate medical education materials electronically, enabling them to be accessed and utilized by professional and amateur health practitioners alike.
Surgical training and planning
Some institutes use animation to teach medical students how to perform basic operations, and provide experienced surgeons an opportunity to expand their skills. Several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness and feasibility of pre-planning surgical based medical animation. The experimental animation tools have been created as an integral technology in the operation of image guides as well.
See also
- 3D Computer Graphics
- Computer animation
- Medical illustrator
- Medical illustration
- Modern animation in the United States
Source
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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