The second generation Chevrolet Camaro was produced by Chevrolet from 1970 to model year 1981. It was introduced in the spring of 1970 Build information for model 123-12487 was released to the assembly plant in February of the same year. It's longer, lower, and wider than the first generation Camaro. Convertible body type is no longer available. GM engineers say the second generation is much more than "A Driver's Car" from its predecessor.
Video Chevrolet Camaro (second generation)
History
Overview
Nicknamed "Super Hugger", the second generation Camaro developed without rush from the first generation and benefited from a larger budget justified by the success of the first generation. Although it is a new car, the basic mechanical layout of the new Camaro is well known, engineered like its predecessor with a unibody structure using the front subframe, A-arm suspension and coil spring front, and leaf springs. The second generation chassis and suspension is greatly enhanced in performance and comfort; the basic model offers significant advances in sound proofing, rising insulation, and street-holding. Broad Experience The Chevrolet engineers have earned first generation racing led directly to advancements in steering, braking, and second generation Camaro balance. Although it began to run with a number of high-performance configurations, as the 1970s grew, the Camaro grew less strongly, relented, like the production cars of the era, to the pressure of tightening emissions regulations and fuel crises. Major style changes were made in 1974 and 1978; 1981 is the last model year for the second generation Camaro.
Models and changes 1970-1981
1970
Most of the engine components and drivetrain carry over from 1969, with the exception of 230 cu in (3.8 L) six cylinders - the base engine is now 250 cu in (4.1 L) six, rated at 155 hp (116 kW). The 1970 Camaro SS 396 has 396 cuÃ, at (6.5Ã, L) L78 rated at 350 hp (261 kW). Beginning in 1970, the large V8 block (nominally 396 cu at 6.5 L) actually displaced 402 cu at (6.6 L), but Chevrolet chose to retain 396 badges Two 454 cu in (7.4 L) LS6 and LS7) listed on the original specification sheet and in some sales brochures but never make it into production.In addition to the basic model, buyers can choose the Rally Sport option with typical nose and bumper, Super Sport package and Z-28 Special Performance Package with a price of US $ 572.95) featuring LT-1 360Ã, new high-performance hp (268 kW) 380Ã, lb? ft (520Ã, N? M) torque 350Ã, Â ° c deep (5.7Ã,L) V8 LT-1 , a machine built from the ground up using premium components and components, is a much better player overall than the previous 302 at (4.9Ã,L) V8 used in 1967-69 Z-28; greater torque and cam less-radical, coupled with a 780 cfm Holley four-barrel, allowing the Z-28 to be available with a tran automatic smoothie 3-speed Turbo Hydramatic 400 as an option for four-speed manual for the first time. LT-1 engine in 1970 Camaro Z-28 comes from Corvette.
The new body style features a fastback roof line and full-length door glass without ventilation with no side-side rear windows. The door is wider to allow easier access to the rear seat, and the new drum handle replaces the old handle, which the lower button should be pushed to open the door. The roof is a new double-shell unit to improve rollover protection and noise reduction. The basic model features a separate bumper/grille design with parking lights below the bumper, while the Rally Sport option includes a distinctive grille surrounded by flexible Endura materials along with a round parking light beside the headlights and bumpers that surround both sides of the grille. The back is highlighted by four round taillights similar to the Corvette. A convertible is not offered, making this the only generation of Camaros that do not offer it.
1970, often mistakenly referred to as 70Ã,½ (no cars ever given a title or registered like that), is the first Camaro to be offered with a rear stabilizer bar. The four-wheel disc brake option (RPO JL8 1969) was dropped.
Inside, the new curved instrument panel features several quick turns for the gauges and other switches directly in front of the driver while the bottom includes heater/air conditioning controls for the left driver and radio, cigarette lighter and center ashtray and glovebox door on the right. The new Strato bucket bench, unique for the 1970s model, features adjustable chair and adjustable headrest, and the rear seat consists of two bucket cushions and rear seat seats due to a higher transmission tunnel. The optional center console, with standard Hurst shifter, is now integrated into a lower dashboard with a small storage area or an optional stereo cassette player. The standard interior features all-vinyl coating and matte black finish dashboards, while the optional custom interior comes with upgraded fabrics or vinyl coatings and woodgrain trims on the dash and consoles.
The 1970 model was introduced to the assembly plant in February 1970, in the mid-year model. This caused some to call it "1970 ½". model; all of which are 1970 models. The 1970 vehicle model is generally considered to be the most desirable of the early second generation Camaros, as the performance of subsequent years is reduced by the car emissions control system of the period and then the addition of mandatory federal mandatory bumpers.
1971
The 1971 Camaro received only a slight change of appearance from its counterpart in 1970. Inside, the new Strato high seat backrest with built-in headrests replaced the 1970s low-back chair with adjustable headrests. The biggest changes come under the hood, because the company's all-engine GM mandate is designed to run on low-octane, low-lead, or leadless gasoline, which necessitates a reduction in the compression ratio and horsepower ratings. The 250 cu at (4.1Ã, L) straight-6, 307 cuÃ, at (5.0Ã, L) V8, and two-barrel 350Ã, Â ° c at (5.7Ã, L) V8 are virtually unchanged, due to their compression low-regular fuel engines in the 1970s and previous years.
LT-1 350 V8 used in Z/28 down from 360Ã, hp SAE gross to 330 horsepower (250Ã, kW) SAE gross due to decreased compression ratio from 11.0: 1 to 10.3: 1. 350 c.i. the 1971 Camaro Z28 engine produced 275 horsepower (205 watts) of SAE net. The 396 (402 c.i.) V8 drops from 350 to 300 hp (220 kW) gross SAE due to a decrease in compression ratio from 10.25: 1 to 8.5: 1. 402 c.i. engine in 1971 Camaro SS 396 produces 260 horsepower (190 kW) SAE net.
Production and sales fell on a 67-day corporate strike at GM that coincided with the introduction of the 1971 model at the end of September 1970, as continued interest in the pony car market spurred by surging insurance rates for high-performance cars.. Rumors about a possible Camaro cancellation after 1972 began to emerge and were almost confirmed a year later when another worker strike hit an assembly plant in Norwood, Ohio, which is the only Camaros and Firebirds plant building.
1972
The 1972 Camaro suffered two major setbacks. The UAW strike at GM's assembly plant at Norwood disrupted production for 174 days, and 1,100 incomplete Camaros had to be discarded because they were unable to meet federal bumper safety standards in 1973. Some in GM were seriously considering dropping the Camaro and Firebird altogether, especially when the company was under pressure to adapt a large number of brands and models to new regulations that are difficult for emissions, safety, and fuel economy. Others show that the cars are very loyal and believe the models are still worth it. The last group finally convinced those in favor of dropping the F-cars to reconsider, and Chevrolet will continue producing 68,656 Camaros in 1972. Only 970 SS 396 was produced in 1972, and this is the last year for SS 396 and SS 350 models. This year the badge changed from "Z/28" to "Z28". Horsepower ratings continue to decline, not only because of lower compression and tighter emission control but, starting with the 1972 model, a switch from gross (dynamometer) to the net rank is based on the actual in-vehicle engine with all attached accessories. With that, 350 ci LT1 dropped from 330 gross horsepower in 1971 to 255 horsepower net for 1972 and 396/402 large blocks are now rated at 240 horsepower net compared to 300 gross horses in 1971.
1973
The 1973 model incorporates an impact-absorbing front bumper system standard to meet the new non-breakage standard within 5 miles per hour (8.0 km/h) of the NHTSA safety law. The Rally Sport option, with a chrome bumper on one side of the impact that absorbs the urethane grill surround, continues for another year due to the creative bracing behind the front sheetmetal.
A new LT Type model was offered in 1973, with a quieter and better interior, complete instrumentation, Rally-style wheels, variable-ratio steering, sports mirrors, and hidden windshield wipers, among other improvements. The Super Sport package is dropped, and the large 396 cu block at (6.5 VL) V8 is no longer available. Electricity drops due to new emission standards, with the highest rating of 350 Â ° c (5.7Ã,L) V8 producing 245 hp (183 kW, 248 PS) at Z28. The engine is switched from a solid-lifter to a hydraulic tappet. AC becomes available as an option with this machine. The Z28 option can be ordered on the sports coupe and LT models. When the Z28 and Type LT options are combined, the usual Z28 badges, lines, and graphics are removed.
Other changes include a new console-mounted shifter for automatic transmissions similar to the shifter used in Pontiac Firebirds replacing horseshoe shifter like Buick from the previous Camaros, and reintroduction of power windows to the option list for the first time since 1969, with switches installed in the console.
Recovering from the strike, Camaro sales increased to 96,751 units during the year of record sales across the industry.
1974
The 1974 Camaro grew seven inches (178 mm) longer, thanks to the new aluminum bumper needed to meet federal standards and the forward sloping grille. Rear taillights are replaced with rectangular cover designs. It was the last year to have a flat rear window, with thick roof pillars. All the years later have slimmer roof pillars and rear cover windows for better visibility. This is the last year of the Z28 RPO, which shares the same drive train and engine as in the previous year (1973), based on a high-performance dedicated Corvette L82 engine (Z28 will reappear in 1977 as its own model and is no longer an RPO).
Camaro sales increased to more than 150,000 units, of which 13,802 are the Z28s (Z2 production of the second-highest generation currently) despite the energy crisis triggered by the Arab oil embargo. Two ponycar competitors are repositioned in the market this year. Ford reduced the Mustang size to Ford's new Subkompak Ford Mustang II 1974 based on Pinto designed for the era of high gas prices and fuel shortages that produced 385,993 units produced for this year's model. Mercury boosts Cougar into a mid-sized private luxury car to compete with Chevrolet Monte Carlo and Pontiac Grand Prix. Other changes including Chrysler Corporation stopped Plymouth Barracuda and Dodge Challenger during the 1974 model year. Likewise, 1974 was the last year of the AMC Javelin, but the sporty AMX model will be reintroduced in 1978.
1975
For 1975, catalytic converters were added to the exhaust system of all US GM market passenger cars, including the Camaro. The "Air Reactor" air injection system still exists. The catalytic emission control system is more efficient at reducing emissions than previous non-catalytic systems, and allows the engine to be retired to improve driving capability and fuel economy. GM High Energy's catalytic and electronic ignition converters are advertised among the components of the new "Chevrolet New Efficiency System" that are promoted to offer other benefits to owners of the 1975 model than comparable 1974 models that include extended maintenance intervals from 6,000 to 7,500 miles (12,100 km) for oil changes/filters and spark plugs that lasted up to 22,500 miles (36,200 km) compared to 10,000 miles (16,000 km) on the '74 model.
The Z28 option was discontinued for 1975 despite an increase in sales of up to 13,000 units in 1974 and similar popularity from Pontiac's Firebird Trans Am. The Chevy dropped the Z28 because the ever-tightening emission standard that spelled the end of an output version higher than 350 cubic inches V8, rated at 245 horsepower (183 kW) in 1973 and 1974. The machine offered in 1975 continued to reflect the impact of regulations this is in the downhill horsepower rating. Two 350Cid (5.7Ã,L) V8s produce 145 hp (108 kW) and 155 hp (116 kW) (Horsepower losses can be slightly exaggerated compared to the previous car; however, their power rating is now net > compared to previous gross rating. SAE's net power rating (used since 1972) is taken from the engine axle as before, but now all accessories must be installed and operated, and all emissions equipment and full production disposal systems must exist in place. These robber-power additions - along with the stringent new emission laws and tools they need - play an important role in creating the much smaller power figures found in subsequent cars.The engine is deliberately underestimated for various motives, especially avoiding provoking insurance companies and federal regulators into enforcing unwanted policies, but also sometimes to prevent lower price models from smelling puk too well on paper against their own. ore profitable high-end products.
The new back cover window was introduced for 1975 and the Camaro emblem was moved from the center of the grille to the top of the grille and the "Camaro" nameplate was removed from the rear declid. Also the new mail block "Camaro" nameplates replaces the previous script on the front fender. The interior was revised slightly with a new seat trim pattern and bird-eye maple pieces replaced Meridian grain walnuts on the LT model instrument panel. Announced for this year is the availability of leather interior options on the Camaro LT, but never saw the light of day because there is no production car equipped with real hide seat. Other developments include the availability of air conditioning with six-cylinder engines and standard radial tires on all models. The electric door lock was a new option for 1975. The Rally Sport option came back after a year's absence, but it amounted to little more than the performance package.
Despite the Z28's loss, Camaro sales remained stable for 1975 at 145,770 units. With the death of another horse car the previous year, the Camaro and Pontiac's Firebird are now the only traditional horse cars left in the market, giving GM 100 percent penetration of this segment for the first time. In addition, apart from General Motors' policy toward factory-sponsored racing efforts, Camaro began to create a name for itself on the track in the new International Racing Champions (IROC) series with many of the top drivers winning trophies from behind the wheel of the Camaro year after the year to the end of 1980 -an.
1976
Only a few appearance changes highlight the 1976 Camaro, especially the brushed metal insert on the back of the LT model. The 250 cubic-inch six-cylinder fixed standard engine in a sports coupe and a new 140-hp 305 inch-inch V8 became the standard engine in the V8 LT and the basic option in a sports coupe. The larger 350 cubic inch cubic is now available only with a four-barrel carburetor and 165 horsepower (123 kW). Power brakes become standard on this year's V8 models. The popularity of the Camaro soared. Total sales jumped significantly for 1976, the best year for the second generation, and will increase even more dramatically as the decade goes.
1977
The Z28 was reintroduced, as a model and not an RPO, to buy the public in the spring of 1977 as 1977Ã, ½ in response to dramatically increasing Pontiac's Trans Am sales, which sold over 46,000 units in 1976 and accounted for half of all Firebird sales that year. Like Trans Am, the revived Camaro Z28 is an instant hit and powered by 350 cubic inches V8 with a four barrel carburetor and 185 horsepower (175 horses with California emissions equipment), with most cars on sale equipped with Air conditioning and automatic transmission for a comfort-oriented society. The engine no longer comes with the main 4-bolt bearing engine block, forged crank, forged pistons, large head valves and performance camshafts that are always part of the Z28 Special Performance Package RPO, the machine that has been shared with Corvette LT -1 and L82's top performance 350 machine from 1970-74. The LM1 engine is the most powerful Camaro engine and is available only in the Z28 model. That's the usual standard, 350, with better intake and exhaust, along with almost all Chevy passenger cars. The cars are also available with the Borg-Warner Super T-10 4-speed manual transmission and minimal package options for buyers interested in performance-oriented vehicles. The half-year model was one of the few high-performance American vehicles available at the time. The car is capable of spinning within a quarter of a mile in proportion to many 1960s muscle cars, and the chassis is developed to reward drivers with first-rate tour experiences, capable of exceptional handling, especially in the hands of a competent person. high performance drivers. Some Z28s are sold as disarmed performance cars.
In other developments, intermittent wiper is offered as a new option and 250-6 becomes the standard engine for both sport coupe and luxury LT models. The 145-horsepower 305 continues as a V8 base and four 350 optional barrels on the sport coupe and the LT model is raised to 170 horsepower (130 kW). However, due to a controversial engine sharing program in which 350 Chevrolet CID engines find their way into the Oldsmobile model, this engine is very limited. In fact, for a significant period of time, the only way for a potential Camaro owner to buy it is to order a 4-speed manual transmission or upgrade to model Z28 . This year's optional "Bumperettes" is offered for LT models (front bumper only) and is mandatory for all Camaro models sold in the state of California.
The output sets a record for second-generation Camaros, with 218,853 coupes produced. And, the Camaro sold the Ford Mustang for the first time. 1977 Z28 produces about 13,000 cars with 195 horsepower (145 kW) 350 engines.
1978
For the 1978 model year, the Camaro features a new body colored front urethane and rear bumper. Z28s has a non functioning hood spoon by deciphering stickers around the intake. Sales exceeded all previous years with 272,631 units, of which 54,907 were the Z28 models.
Available models include the base Sport Coupe, Type LT, Z28, and the return of Rally Sport. The Rally Sport (not the RS as it was in previous years) featured a standard two-tone paint treatment. The Z28 model includes a stripe pack that can not be removed and displays the LM1 a 350 cuÃ, at (5.7Ã,L) V8 with a four-barrel Quadrajet carburetor that produces 185 hp (138 kW, 188 PS) and 280 lb ft (380 hp). N? M) of torque paired with 4-speed manual or TH-350 3-speed automatic.
The first one for 1978 was the T-Tops, although they were a regular production choice in 1977 Pontiac Firebird and introduced in 1976 Pontiac Trans Am 10th Anniversary Limited Edition.
1979
The biggest change for the year 1979 was the introduction of the luxurious Berlinetta model, replacing the Type LT, and the re-tidied instrument panel with a flatter appearance than the previous cover design (although the meter itself stays in the same place as before). The basic models, RS and Z28 remain, Z28s now come with front spoiler and fender flares like the Pontiac Trans Am twin, and now come with decals "Z28" that run from the beginning of the front flare to the bottom of the doors. The rear electric defroster window becomes optional this year, replacing the old blower type. Sales for 1979 were the highest for the previous generation Camaro or since then, with a total of 282,571 units. Engine options remain standard 250 I6 in base and RS model, with 305 2bbl being the options and standards in Berlinetta.
1980
For 1980, 250 bc in (4.1 L) inline-six was replaced with 229 c at (3.8 L L) V6 engine, 231 cu at (3.8 L) in California, the first for the Camaro. The 120 hp (89 kW, 122 PS) (4.4Ã, L) 267 cu on V8 engine becomes an option on the basic model, RS and Berlinetta this year. The Z28's ship includes a rear-point raise scoop (air induction) with a solenoid operated flap that opens at full speed, allowing the engine to breathe cold air. A federal-ordered 85 mph speedometer also debuted this year, down from 130. The Z28 features a new optional 5-spoke gray rim (later used in 1986-1988 Chevrolet Monte Carlo SS), the top and a unique bottom. grill and smaller revision graphics on the door. The side scoop is also changed from louvered to flat design with single openings. 350 cuÃ, at (5.7Ã,L) V8 is now available only in Z28 this year.
1981
The 1981 model barely changed from 1980 and will be the last model year for the second generation Camaro. Z28 is still supported by 350Ã, Â ° C at (5.7Ã,L) V8, but due to new emissions regulations the engine is now equipped with CCC units (Computer Command Control) for the first time. The predecessors of this modern engine control module have oxygen sensors, electronically controlled carburetors, throttle position sensors, cooling sensors, barometric pressure sensors, Absolute Pressure Manifold (MAP) sensors, and check engine lights on the dashboard. Transmission is now equipped with a locking torque converter, which is controlled by CCC as well. CCC can also be used as a standalone diagnostic tool. However, since the purpose of this change is to reduce emissions strictly, horsepower drops to 175 hp (130 kW, 177 PS). This machine is now only available with automatic transmission, while the four-speed manual version has 165Ã, hp (123Ã, kW; 167Ã, PS) 305Ã, Â ° c at (5.0Ã, L), which is the only engine offered on the Z28 which is sold in California. The Canadian model, however, can still get a combination of 350 and 4-speed, and is not equipped with CCC. Canada 1981 Camaros is so synonymous with the 1980 US model. The RS model was dropped this year, but the RS appointment will reappear in 1989. Total production drops to 126,139 from 282,571 highs in 1979.
Maps Chevrolet Camaro (second generation)
References
External links
- Chevrolet Camaro on Curlie (based on DMOZ)
- Chevrolet Camaro (2nd Generation)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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