Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation , doing business as 20th Century Fox , is an American film studio currently owned by 21st Century Fox. It is one of the big movie studios of "Big Six" and is located in the Century City area of ​​Los Angeles, just west of Beverly Hills. This studio is owned by News Corporation from 1984 to 2013.
20th Century Fox is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America.
Video 20th Century Fox
History
Establishment
Joseph Schenck and Darryl F. Zanuck of Twentieth Century Pictures left United Artists for stock disputes, and began merger talks with the struggling financial management of the Fox Film, under the presidency of Sidney Kent. Spyros Skouras, manager of Fox West Coast Theaters, helped make it happen (and later became president of the new company). Aside from the theater chain and many first-class studios, Zanuck and Schenck feel there is not much else for Fox, which has been shaken ever since founder William Fox lost control of the company in 1930. The biggest studio star, Will Rogers, died in a crash of weeks after the merger. Her main female star, Janet Gaynor, faded in popularity and promised the eminent men, James Dunn and Spencer Tracy, had been dropped for drinking too much.
Initially, it was expected that the new company was originally called "Fox-20th Century", although 20th Century was a senior partner in the merger. However, the 20th Century brought more to the negotiating table than Schenck and Zanuck; it's more profitable than Fox and has more talent. The new company, 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation, began trading on May 31, 1935; dashes were dropped in 1985. Kent remained as President, while Schenck became Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Zanuck became Vice President of Production Management, replacing Fox's old production head Winfield Sheehan.
The company established a special training school. Lynn Bari, Patricia Farr and Anne Nagel were among 14 young women "launched on the movie star track" on August 6, 1935, when they each received a six-month contract with 20th Century Fox after spending 18 months at school. The contract includes a studio option for extension for seven years.
Over the years, 20th Century Fox claimed to have been founded in 1915, the year Fox Film was founded. For example, it marked 1945 as its 30th anniversary. However, in recent years it has claimed the 1935 merger as its founding, although most film historians agree it was founded in 1915.
The company's films retain the 20th century searchlight logo of Pictures on their credit opening and opening, but with the name changed to 20th Century Fox.
After the merger is over, Zanuck immediately signs a young actor who will bring Twentieth Century-Fox for years: Tyrone Power, Linda Darnell, Carmen Miranda, Don Ameche, Henry Fonda, Gene Tierney, Sonja Henie and Betty Grable. Also on Fox's payroll, he found the two players he built to be the studio's main asset, Alice Faye and Shirley Shrine, seven years old. Due to his love of popular biography and musicals, Zanuck built Fox back to profitability. Thanks to attendance records during World War II, Fox took over RKO and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (the largest studio in Hollywood) to become the third most profitable film studio. While Zanuck went for an eighteen-month war service, junior partner William Goetz maintained a high profit by going for light entertainment. Studio - indeed its biggest industry star is blonde blonde, Betty Grable.
In 1942, Spyros Skouras replaced Kent as studio president. Together with Zanuck, who returned in 1943, they intend to make Fox output more serious. Over the next few years, with images like The Razor's Edge , Wilson , Gentleman Agreement , The Snake Pit , Boomerang , and Pinky , Zanuck builds a reputation for provocative adult movies. Fox also specializes in the adaptation of best-selling books such as Ben Ames Williams' Leave Her to Heaven (1945), starring Gene Tierney, which is Fox's most rocketed movie of the 1940s. Fox also produced versions of Broadway musical films, including Rodgers and Hammerstein movies, starting with the music version of State Fair (1945), the only work written in partnership especially for the film.
After the war, and with the advent of television, the audience slowly drifted away. Twentieth Century-Fox survives in his theater until "divorce" is mandated by the court; they played as the Fox National Theater in 1953. That year, with attendance at half-level 1946, Twentieth Century-Fox bet on an unproven gimmick. Noting that the two movie sensations of 1952 were Cinerama, which required three projectors to fill the giant curve screen, and 3D "Natural Vision", which had its depth effect by requiring the use of polarized glasses, Fox pawned his studio to buy the rights to anamorphic French projection system that gave illusion of a little depth without glasses. President Spyros Skouras made a deal with the inventor Henri Chrà © Å © tien, leaving the other film studios empty-handed, and in 1953 introduced CinemaScope in the innovative feature film studio of The Robe .
Zanuck announced in February 1953 that to the next all Fox images will be made in CinemaScope. To convince the theater owner to install this new process, Fox agrees to help pay the conversion fee (about $ 25,000 per screen); and to ensure enough product, Fox gives access to CinemaScope to studio competitors who choose to use it. See box-office for the first two CinemaScope features, The Robe and How to Marry a Millionaire (also 1953), Warner Bros, MGM, Universal Pictures (then known) as Universal -International), Columbia Pictures and Disney quickly adopted the process. In 1956 Fox involves Robert Lippert to establish a subsidiary, Regal Pictures, then Associated Producers Incorporated to film a B image in CinemaScope (but "branded" RegalScope). Fox produces new musicals using the CinemaScope process including Carousel and The King and I (both 1956).
CinemaScope brought the brief progress that was present, but in 1956 the numbers began to slide again. That year Darryl Zanuck announced his resignation as head of production. Zanuck moved to Paris, founded as an independent producer, rarely in the United States for many years.
Production and financial issues
Successor Zanuck, producer Buddy Adler, died a year later. President Spyros Skouras brings a series of production executives, but nothing works for Zanuck. In the early 1960s, Fox was in trouble. The new version of Cleopatra has been started in 1959 with Joan Collins leading. As a publicity gimmick, producer Walter Wanger offers $ 1 million to Elizabeth Taylor if she will star; he accepted, and the fees for Cleopatra rose, compounded by Richard Burton's romance with Taylor, the media frenzy around him, and Skouras selfish preference and inexperienced microcomputer management on film production. Even his playing prowess is not enough for his filmmaking skills to accelerate production at Cleopatra.
Meanwhile, another remake - from the 1940 hit Cary Grant My Favorite Wife - was thrown into production in an attempt to reverse the quick gains to help keep Fox survive. The romantic comedy titled Something's To Give in pairs Marilyn Monroe, the most luxurious star on the 1950s Fox, with Dean Martin, and director George Cukor. The troubled Monroe caused a daily delay, and quickly descended into an expensive disaster. When Cleopatra spent $ 10 million, eventually costing around $ 40 million, Fox sold many of his backs (now the Century City site) to Alcoa in 1961 to raise cash. After a few weeks of rewriting the script on Monroe's drawings and a bit of progress, largely because of director George Cukor's filmmaking methods, other than Monroe's chronic sinusitis, Marilyn Monroe was fired from Something to be Given and two months later found dead. According to the Fox file, he was rehired within weeks for a $ 1 million, $ 500,000 two-picture deal to complete Something to Be Given , plus a bonus upon completion, and $ 500,000 for What A Way to Go . The annoying Elizabeth Taylor administration on the Cleopatra set has continued unchallenged since 1960 to 1962, although three Fox executives went to Rome in June 1962 to dismiss him. They know that director Joseph L. Mankiewicz has filmed out of sequence and just done the interior, so Fox was then forced to allow Taylor a few more shooting weeks. While it was the summer of 1962, Fox released almost all its star contracts, including Jayne Mansfield.
With a few pictures on schedule, Skouras wants to storm the big-budget war epic Zanuck Longest Day (1962), a very accurate account of the Allied invasions of Normandy on June 6, 1944, with international players, being released as a source other fast money. This offended Zanuck, remains Fox's greatest shareholder, for whom The Longest Day is the labor of love she desperately wants to earn over the years. Once it became clear that Something Should Be Given would not be able to develop without Monroe up front (Martin refused to work with anyone else), Skouras finally decided that his re-signing was inevitable. But a few days before filming will resume, he was found dead at his home in Los Angeles and the picture continued with filming as Move Over, Darling, with Doris Day and James Garner in the lead. Released in 1963, the film became a hit. Unfinished scene from Something Should Be Given has been saved for nearly 40 years. Instead of being rushed into the release as if it were the B-picture, The Longest Day was lovingly and carefully produced under Zanuck's supervision. It was finally released on a length of three hours, and was well received.
At the next board meeting, Zanuck speaks for eight hours, assuring the director that Skouras mismanaged the company and that he was the only possible replacement. Zanuck was appointed chairman, and later named his son Richard Zanuck as president. The new management group confiscated Cleopatra and rushed to finish it, shutting down the studio, laid off all staff to save money, fired the long-running Movietone Newsreel and made a series of popular, cheap images. return Fox as the main studio. The award for studio luck stems from the remarkable success of The Sound of Music (1965), an expensive and widely-produced film adaptation of the highly acclaimed Rodgers and Hammerstein Broadway musicals, which became a huge success. at the box office and won five Academy Awards, including Best Director (Robert Wise) and Best Picture of the Year.
Fox also had two major science fiction hits in the 1960s: Fantastic Voyage (1966), and the original Planet of the Apes (1968), starring Charlton Heston, Kim Hunter, and Roddy McDowall. Fantastic Voyage is the last movie made in CinemaScope, which was eventually replaced by Panavision lenses.
Zanuck remained chairman until 1971, but there were some expensive collapse in his later years, resulting in Fox posting losses from 1969 to 1971. After his dismissal, and after an uncertain period, the new management brought Fox back to health. Under President Gordon T. Stulberg and head of production of Alan Ladd, Jr., Fox films relating to a modern audience. Stulberg uses profits to acquire resort properties, bottling soft drinks, Australian theater, and other properties in an effort to diversify enough to keep up with the boom-or-bust drawing cycle.
Imagining the upcoming production pattern of the film, by the end of 1973 Twentieth Century-Fox joined Warner Bros. to co-produce The Towering Inferno (1974), an all star action blockbuster from producer Irwin Allen. Both studios find themselves entitled to books about burning skyscrapers. Allen insisted on having a meeting with the heads of both studios and announced that when Fox had taken the lead with their property, it would have been a suicide career to compete with the film. And the first joint venture studio deal was beaten. Come to think of it whilst it might be a public place now, back in the 1970s it was a risky, but revolutionary idea that paid off handsomely in both domestic and international box offices around the world.
In 1977, Fox's success reached new heights and produced the most profitable films made up to that time, Star Wars . The huge financial gains are realized as a result of an unprecedented movie success: from the lowest of $ 6 in June 1976, the share price more than quadrupled to nearly $ 27 after the release of Star Wars ; 1976's revenues of $ 195 million rose to $ 301 million in 1977.
Marvin Davis and Rupert Murdoch
With financial stability came new owners, when Fox sold more than $ 700 million in 1981 to investors, Marc Rich and Marvin Davis. Fox assets include Pebble Beach Golf Links, Aspen Skiing Company, and Century City property where Davis builds and twice sells Fox Plaza.
In 1984, Rich became a fugitive because of justice, had fled to Switzerland after being prosecuted by US federal prosecutors with tax evasion, extortion, and illegal trade with Iran during the Iran hostage crisis. Rich assets are frozen by US authorities. In 1984, Marvin Davis bought 50% interest on Marc Rich at 20th Century Fox Film Corporation for an undisclosed amount, reported $ 116 million. Davis sold this interest to Rupert Murdoch for $ 250 million in March 1985. Davis later retired from a deal with Murdoch to buy John Kluge's Metromedia television station. Murdoch went alone and bought the station, and then bought the rest of Davis's stake in Fox for $ 325 million.
To obtain FCC approval for Fox purchases from Metromedia television ownership, after the old DuMont networking station was dissolved, Murdoch must become a US citizen. He did so in 1985, and in 1986, the new Fox Broadcasting Company got off the air. Over the next 20 years, networks and group owned stations have grown to be very profitable for News Corp.
Since January 2000, the company has become an international distributor for MGM/UA release. In the 1980s, Fox - through a joint venture with CBS, named CBS/Fox Video - has been distributing certain UA films on video, so UA has become a full circle by switching to Fox for video distribution. Fox also makes money distributing movies for small independent film companies.
In 2008, Fox announced its Asian subsidiary, Fox STAR Studios, a joint venture with STAR TV, also owned by News Corporation. It is reported that Fox STAR will start by producing films for the Bollywood market, then expand to several Asian markets.
In August 2012, 20th Century Fox signed a five-year contract with DreamWorks Animation for distribution in domestic and international markets. However, the deal does not include the previously released movie distribution rights captured by DreamWorks Animation from Paramount Pictures in 2014. The Fox deal with DreamWorks Animation ends on June 2nd, 2017 with Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie , with Universal Pictures taking over the distribution deal with DreamWorks Animation for the DreamWorks Animation acquisition by NBCUniversal on August 22, 2016, beginning on March 1, 2019 with the release of How to Train Your Dragon 3 .
In 2012, Rupert Murdoch announces that News Corp will be divided into two publishing and media-oriented companies; The new News Corporation, and 21st Century Fox, which operates Fox Entertainment Group and 20th Century Fox. Murdoch considers the name of the new company as a way to preserve the legacy of 20th Century Fox as the group progresses into the future.
In 2016, in Australia, 20th Century Fox has an expanded film deal to play movies and television content from television broadcasters, Network Ten, Eleven and One, sometimes also on Nine Network, 9Gem & amp; 9Go!
In Brazil, Sweden, the Netherlands and in the Philippines, 20th Century Fox's movies are distributed by fellow Warner Bros. rivals.
Acquisition by Disney
On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company (which owns and operates networks such as ABC and ESPN) announced plans to purchase 21st Century Fox, which includes 20th Century Fox, for $ 52.4 billion.
Maps 20th Century Fox
Television
20th Television is the Fox television syndication division. 20th Century Fox Television is a television studio production division.
During the mid-1950s, the features were released to television in the hope that they would expand the sponsorship and help the distribution of network programs. The one-hour block of widescreen movie programming for national sponsorship at 128 stations hosted by Twentieth Century Fox and National Telefilm Associates. Twentieth Century Fox received a 50 percent stake in the NTA Film network after selling its library to National Telefilm Associates. It delivers 90 minutes of clean-up time a week and feature films syndicated to 110 unrelated stations for sale to national sponsors.
Buy Four Stars
Rupert Murdoch's 20th Century Fox purchased the remaining assets from Four Star Television from Ronald Perelman's Compact Video in 1996. Most of Four Star Television's library programs are controlled by 20th Century Fox Television today. After many purchases of Murdoch during the eighties era of buyout, News Corporation has built up a $ 7 billion financial debt (away from Sky TV in the UK), despite many assets held by NewsCorp. The high level of debt led Murdoch to sell the many interests of American magazines he acquired in the mid-1980s.
Music
Between 1933 and 1937, a special record label called Fox Movietone was produced starting from the F-100 and running through the F-136. It features songs from the Fox movie, first using material recorded and released on the Bluebird Victor label and halfway down to the material recorded and issued on the ARC dime store label (Melotone, Perfect, etc.). This rare note is only sold at the Fox Theater.
Fox Music has been a Fox music branch since 2000. It includes music publishing and licensing businesses, especially those dealing with Fox Entertainment Group television and movie soundtracks.
Before Fox Music, 20th Century Records was the music from 1958 to 1982.
Radio
The Twentieth Century Fox Presents radio series was broadcast between 1936 and 1942. More often than not, the show was a radio preview featuring the song's medley and the soundtrack of the latest film released to theaters, like modern movie trailers now we see on TV, to encourage people to go to their closest Picture House.
The radio show featured the original stars, with the broadcaster telling the lead that wraps up the performance.
Movie motion image processing
From its initial efforts in film production, Fox Film Corporation operates its own processing laboratory. The original laboratory is located in Fort Lee, New Jersey along with the studio. A lab was included with a new studio built in Los Angeles in 1916. Led by Alan E. Freedman, Fort Lee's lab was transferred to the new Fox Studios building in Manhattan in 1919. In 1932, Freedman purchased a laboratory from Fox for $ 2,000. 000 to reinforce what at that time was Fox's failing liquidity. He changed the name of the operation "DeLuxe Laboratories" which later became DeLuxe Entertainment Services Group. In the 1940s Freedman sold the lab back to what was then 20th Century Fox and remained president to the 1960s. Under the leadership of Freedman, DeLuxe added two more labs in Chicago and Toronto and proceeded to film from studios other than Fox.
Logo
20th Century Fox is known for its logo of the spotlight. The glee was originally created in 1933 by Alfred Newman, who became head of the Twentieth Century-Fox music department from 1940 to 1960s. It was re-recorded in 1935 when 20th Century Fox was officially founded.
The original Art Deco of the 20th Century-Fox logo, designed by the special effects of animator and matte artist Emil Kosa Jr., was originally created as a design for the 20th Century Pictures logo, with "Fox" replacing "Pictures, Inc." in 1935 The logo was originally created as a matte painting on multiple layers of glass and was given an animated frame-by-frame. Kosa's main work for Fox is a matte painting of the Statue of Liberty in the final scene of Planet of the Apes (1968), shortly before his death.
In 1953, Rocky Longo, an artist in Pacific Title (now Pacific Title and Art), was hired to create original logo design for the new CinemaScope image process. Alfred Newman also rearranged the logo echoes with an extension to be heard during the CinemaScope logo which will follow after the Fox logo for movies created using the new lens. To provide the width required design to fit the CinemaScope frame, Longo tilts the number "0" at "20". The new gang was first used in the film How to Marry a Millionaire (1953). The Robe , the first film to be released in CinemaScope format, featuring a choir that sings over the logo instead of the regular hubbub.
In the 1970s, Fox fanfare was used in movies sporadically. George Lucas greatly enjoyed Alfred Newman's festivities so he insisted on using them in Star Wars (1977). As a result, the original release of Star Wars showed the CinemaScope version of the logo, but with a fanfare version as did Lionel Newman, because the original version by Alfred Newman has been misinterpreted. John Williams composed the movie opening theme in the same key as the main (B ) key, which serves as an extension for its type. In 1980, Williams performed a new version of extended fanfare for The Empire Strikes Back . Williams's recording of fanfare was then used in every subsequent Star Wars movie until Episode III - Revenge of the Sith (2005). After the introduction of the CGI Fox logo in 1994, this series uses the final look of the new logo, replicating the look of the first three opening movie shots and allowing the Lucasfilm logo to appear during the second part of the fanfare.
In 1981, Longo repainted and updated the logo design by recycling it to yellow, redesigning it, placing the monument on a blue cloud background and straightening "0" in "20". The Fox fanfare was re-arranged in 1981, when the Longo revision logo was introduced.
In 1994, after several failed attempts (which included attempting to film a monument known as a real three-dimensional model), Fox's in-house television producer Kevin Burns was hired to produce a new logo for the company, this time using a new process of computer-generated imagery (CGI). With the help of graphic producer Steve Soffer and his company Studio Productions (which recently provided face-lift to Paramount Pictures and Universal Studios logo in 1986 and 1990 respectively), Burns insisted that the new logo would contain more detail and animation , so a longer 21 seconds Fox fanfare will be used as an underscore. This new logo combines a virtual landscape of Los Angeles designed around monuments. In the background, the Hollywood sign, which will give the monument its true location (close to Fox's actual address in Century City) can be seen. One final touch is the addition of store front signs, with each carrying the name of the Fox executive who worked with the studio at the time. These include "Murdoch's Department Store" (referring to Rupert Murdoch, president of News Corporation, Fox's parents at the time), "Chernin's", "Burns Tri-City Alarm" (a tribute to the late father of Burns, who owns a burglar and fire alarm company in Upstate New York), "Steve's Place" (referring to Soffer) and "Linlin's". It was also the first time Fox was recognized as a subsidiary of News Corporation, as read by "A News Corporation Company" entered into the logo.
When the CGI logo is being prepared for premiere at the beginning of True Lies (1994), Burns asks Bruce Broughton to compose a new version of the fanfare known by Alfred Newman. In 1997, Alfred David Newman's son recorded a new version of the fanfare to reopen Newman Scoring Stage (originally known as Fox Scoring Stage), and debuted with the release of Anastasia (1997). This performance is still in use in 2017.
In 2009, a newly updated CGI logo produced by Blue Sky Studios made its debut with the movie Avatar (2009). The 75th anniversary version of the logo was introduced to coincide with the 75th anniversary of the 75th Century of the following year (similar to the practice of most other major American film studios at the time), debuting with Percy Jackson & amp; the Olympians: The Lightning Thief and the last with Gulliver's Travels .
Legacy
Many parodies of fanfare have appeared in movies and television. Variations have also been used by other Fox divisions and affiliated television stations, including WTVT in Tampa, Florida, and Fox Kids Network are now dead. Fox Searchlight Pictures, Foxstar Productions, and Fox Studios Australia are just a few of the other corporate entities that have used variations based on the original logo design. 21st Century Fox, the company's successor to the old News Corporation, uses logos that incorporate a minimalist representation of the spotlights displayed in the logo.
Movies with best-selling revenue
? - Includes theatrical reissue.
Movies
Archive
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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